Shingle



Sept. 16,y 1930. w, BECKER 1,775,927

SHINGLE Filed July 2, 1929 lwlar:

f ZZer 360k er. A.,

Patented Sept. 16, 1930 WALTER BECKER, or CINCINNATI, omo,

PATENT OFFICE ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

THE PATENT AND LICENSING CORPORATION, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A COR-PORATION F MASSACHUSETTS v SHINGLE Application led July 2, 1929.v SerialNo. 375,465.

This application is a continuation in part of my copending applicationSerial No. 38,736 iiled June 22, 1925, for roofing. The invent-ionrelates to an improved shin- 6 gle which can be cut without waste fromany suitable sheet rooting material and which is capable of beinolaidwith other similar shingles on a roof@ in a manner to afford arelatively large measure of protection 10 against the weather and toproduce on the roof a pattern of regular hexagons. Another feature ofthe shingle is that when laid on a roof with others of the same kind,the adjacent shingles in each course will have abutting edge portionswhich extend at an angle to the up and down direction of the roof thusenhancing the weather-proof qualities of the roof. I" accomplish theseresults by producing a pentagonal shingle having certain characteristicsof shape which are set forth in the following description of theinvention and which arev shown on the drawing, of which;

Figure 1 represents a sheet of roofing material showing how shinglesembodying the invention may be cut therefrom without waste.

Figure 2 is a plan view of two shingles embodying the invention in sideby side relation as they would be laid upon a roof.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary illustration of a roof on which shinglesembodying the invention have been laid.

Referring to the drawing in detail, 10 represents a shingle having fivesides which are so related as to make it possible to cut a sheet ofroofing material into shingles of this shape without involving any wasteexcept a negligible amount at the beginning and end of the sheet. Theshingles 10 may be cut or otherwise formed from any suitable roofingmaterial such as the well known slate asphalt roofing which iscustomarily composed of a felted fibrous base saturated with arelatively low melting point'asphalt coated with a relatively highmelting point asphalt and surfaced with crushed slate or otherequivalent comminuted material. This material mayl be formed in longsheets. which may be conveniently cut up into roong elements of anydesired shape. But the invention is not limited to the use of anyparticular kind of roong material. v

In order to rovide a shingle having the advantageous filaturesspecified, I may form my pentagonal shingle 10 with one side 11 shorterthan any of the others. The sides 12 and 13 which are adjacent to theshort side 11 each make an angle of 12()o with the side 11. The side 12is preferabl just twice the length of the side 11, the si e 13 beingsomewhat longer than the side 12. 'Ihe remaining sides 14 and 15 areadjacent respectively to the sides 12 and 13, the side 14 being parallelto the side 13, and the side 15 being parallel to a line connecting themutually remote ends of the sides 11 and 12. Since it is desired to formwith the shingles 10 a pattern of regular hexagons on a roof theshingles are preferably laid as shown in Figures 2 and 3 with the shortsides 11 lowermost and horizontal. Since the sides 11 and portions ofthe sides 12 and 13 will appear on the rgof, the sides 12 and 13 must beat angles of-120 with the side 11 since all the angles of a regularhexagon are 120. It is desirable to have successive shingles in the samecourse abutting each other, as shown in Figure 2. To this end the side12 is madel just twice the length of the side 11, so that when theshingles are laid in a manner to form a pattern of regular hexagons theside 12 of one shingle will extend to the side 13 of the next adjacentshin le and will neither fall short nor overlap. y making the side 13longer than the side 12 an abutting portion 16 is thus provided, thelenfrth of the segment 16 depending on the di erence of length betweenthe sides 13 and 12. As shown in Figure 2 the abutting segment 16 is atan angle of 30 from the up and down line of the roof so that betterprotection is afforded against the penetration of wind-driven rain thanis afforded by lines of engagement which extend vertically up and down.

In order to cut pentagonal shingles of the type described from a sheetof roofing material without waste, it is evident from Figly parallel. Itis also evident that the gen- `eral direction of the zig zag line downthe central portion of the sheet forming the sides 11 and 12 ofsuccessive triangles must be parallel to the side edges of the sheet. In

other words, a line through alternate apices of the zig zag line must beparallel to the side 15. At eachvapex of the zig zag line three anglesof 120 each are formed since two of these angles will appear upon theroof as angles of a regular 'hexagon and the three must total 360. Bycutting the shingles from a wider sheet than that shown, or by makingthe sides 11 and 12 shorter than shown, the difference of length betweenthe sides 12 and 13 may be varied at will, thus varying the length ofthe abutting segment 16 which is van important factor in theweatherrooi= qualities of the roof. y

In laying the roof, each course is laid by arranging the sides 11 in thesame straight horizontal line, successive shingles being in contactalong the segments 16. In order to facilitate the alinement of theshingles I may provide a mark at thepoint of contact between the side 12of one shingle and the side 13 of the adjacent shingle, this mark beingconveniently in the form of a line17 across the shingle ending at thispoint. The line 17 may readily be marked on the sheet before theshingles are cut therefrom as by a pair of ink rolls or scoring rolls,or any other convenient means. The following course of shingles is laidso that the ends of the sides 11 rest upon the mid points of the sides12 of the free portions of the sides 13. The upper edge 15 f eachshingle of an upper course is aligned with and su erposed on a portionof the line 17 of a s ingle in the course next below. Thus a roof may bequickly and easily laid with these shinglesk to form a regular hexagonalpattern.

Having thus described an' embodiment of this invention it should beevident to those skilled in the art that various changes and modicationsmight be made therein without departing from its spirit or scope asdefined by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A shingle of pentagonal shape having one side shorterpthan theothers, one of the sides adjacent to said short side being subsilde andparallel vto another side'of the shing e.

one side shorter than the others, the sides `adjacent to said' shortside being respectively 3. A shingle of pentagonal shape having I makingan angle of 120 therewith, a third side more than twice the length ofsaid short side and maln'ngl an angle of 120. therewith, a fourth sideparallel to said third side, and a fth side parallel to 4a line betweenthe mutually remote ends of said short side and said second side.

In testimony whereof'Il have aiixed my signature.

``WALTER BECKER.

stantially twice the length of said short side,

the lother side adjacent to said short side being more than twice thelength of the short side, said adjacent sides each making an angleofsubstantially 120 with said short side.

2. A shingle of pentagonal shape having one side shorter than theothers, one of theA sides adjacent to said short side beingsubstantially twice the length of said short side,

. the other side adjacent to said short side beesv ing more than twicethel length of said short

